Hydrodynamic of the Sediments Movement in the Southern Part of the Shatt al-Arab and North-Western of the Gulf

Abstract

The Aims of study are the movement and distribution of sediments in the southern and northern parts of Shatt al-Arab River, and the north-west of the Arabian Gulf. The study includes observing the suspended sediment and the speed of the currents atnine stationsAbu Floss north of the junction of the Karun River, Fao, the entrance of the Shatt al-Arab River external dam, Khor Al-Umaya, the entrance of Khor Abdullah in front of the Port of Mubarak, Khor Shitanah, Umm Qasr and finally Khor al-Zubayr. The Rate of suspended sediment in Fao area and the entrance of the Shatt al-Arab River reaches more than 3 g /L in the tide, and (0.6) g / L in the ebb. This indicates that the sediments came from the entrance of Shatt al-Arab River because of the erosion in the banks of Marqet Abdullah. While the area of Abu Flos, the suspended sediment was at least. It indicates that the movement of sediments in the north of Shatt al-Arab has a little load, whereas Al-Siba is affected by the sediments of the Karun River. It has been shown that there is a redistribution of sediments in the area. This is due to the absence of the discharge capacity of the Karun River, and remaining the energy of the flood tide and ebb, which constitute the main force of the movement of sediments in the area. Therefore, these sediments are the same ones that coming from the entrance of the Shatt al-Arab during the tide. In the ebb tide, the region of Shatt Al-Arab estuary effected by the hydraulic nature of the sub-rivers that drag clayey silt bed material for the main river.